source de la durance

Ainsi, en plus de traiter les demandes de nos clients, les informations nous aident à améliorer le contenu de notre site, et à développer de nouveaux produits et services. [37] During the Riss glaciation, the source of the Durance was at Sisteron, where the icecap finished. [36] The changes in the flow also limited river navigation (in spite of size of the river in periods with a high flow. From there to Marseille the canal follows an 80-kilometre (50 mi) path, of which 17 kilometres (11 mi) is underground. De nos jours, enfin, l'autoroute inachevĂŠe de SisteronâGap bĂŠnĂŠficie encore de la pĂŠnĂŠtrante qu'offre la Durance pour dĂŠsenclaver la haute Provence et, Ă terme, le Champsaur. The oldest known one was the one between La Roque-d'Anthéron and Cadenet (in Gontard), recorded in 1037. There were only 10 raftmen remaining in 1896 and only one in 1908.[44]. Durant la mĂŞme pĂŠriode, d'importants travaux d'endiguement furent d'abord motivĂŠs par la nĂŠcessitĂŠ de mettre un terme aux dĂŠgats provoquĂŠs par les crues rĂŠcurrentes de la riviĂ¨re : ainsi, un proverbe d'Ancien RĂŠgime citait la Durance parmi les trois flĂŠaux de la Provence. But the silting and the lack of oxygen has greatly reduced the number of trout. Les principaux affluents de la Durance sont : Parmi ces derniers, le Verdon a fait l'objet d'un amĂŠnagement hydroĂŠlectrique simultanĂŠ Ă celui de la basse Durance sur son cours moyen et infĂŠrieur. Au Moyen Ăge, l'itinĂŠraire devint un important chemin pour les pĂŠlerins. Copyright ÂŠ les auteurs de lâarticle original sur le site WikipĂŠdia : lâencyclopĂŠdie libre et gratuite pour les sections inaltĂŠrĂŠes et â dans le cas dâune version modifiĂŠe â les auteurs de ce document sur Libre Savoir. Il n’y a pas à proprement parler une source de la Durance. In the Middle Ages, the county of Forcalquier stretched all along the Durance, from Cavaillon to La Roche-de-Rame, close to Embrun. Source de la Durance (Randonnée Pédestre) En cache. Dans le lit naturel, il reste aujourd'hui les rejets des canaux d'irrigation secondaires Ă vocation agricole (leur alimentation est faite par le canal E.D.F. Le canal aujourd’hui. The Durance is documented in Ancient Greek as drouentios potamos and in Latin as Druentia (1st century), Durantia (854, 1271) and Durentia (1127). De façon générale, nous utilisons les informations que vous nous fournissez pour la gestion et le développement de notre activité. The Durance is better known than the other two rivers because the Durance valley is an old and important trade route, whereas the valleys of the Clarée and Guisane are effectively dead ends.[4][5]. There remain some black spots in the valley (downstream from the Arkema factory at Château-Arnoux, below the confluence with the Calavon.[31]. ([8]). There are small canals whose primary purpose is to draw water from the river into the EDF Canal which in turn feeds the hydroelectric power stations. The middle part of the Durance runs through a landscape that changes as the valley increasingly widens. The Durance is the longest river in Metropolitan France without a department named after it. In the 12th century the Durance had swept away the town of Rama (between Briançon and Embrun, with the confluence of Biaisse) . The confluence with the Guil occurs below Guillestre and Mont-Dauphin. Or, la Durance y joue un rĂ´le majeur, puisqu'elle y constitue Ă la fois la principale ressource en eau et la principale voie de communication vers le nord-est. [17], The catastrophic floods of 1843, 1856, 1886 attained 5,000 to 6,000 cubic metres per second (180,000 to 210,000 cu ft/s)[18] For comparison, the Seine flooding of 1910 was estimated at approximately 2,400 cubic metres per second (85,000 cu ft/s). Le canal de Marseille prend sa « source » dans la commune de Saint-Estève-Janson et se termine à la Ciotat. • Principale rivière des Alpes du Sud, affluent du bas Rhône (rive gauche), elle mesure 305 km. Catherine Lonchambon, “From one bank to another of the Durance: strange boats”. [40] At other places there were ferries, in particular at Pertuis,[citation needed] whose name is based on it ferry. In 1955, the law defined the EDF Durance-Verdon project had three objectives: Over 40 years, this project required the construction of 23 dams and water extraction points starting upstream of Claux sur Argentiere down to Mallemort and the supply of 33 hydroelectric power stations and several control stations.[27]. La Durance aurait pu porter le nom de Clarée ! Ă partir du XIXe siĂ¨cle et surtout durant la seconde moitiĂŠ du XXe siĂ¨cle, elle subĂŽt d'importants travaux d'amĂŠnagement qui ont eu pour effet de dĂŠtourner la majeure partie de ses eaux vers l'ĂŠtang de Berre. Les affluents de la Durance sont Ă dominante salmonicole avec un peuplement faible. Its total drainage area is 14,225 square kilometres (5,492 sq mi). La moyenne et basse Durance forme encore un ÂŤ lit en tresses Âť, constituĂŠ de bras multiples, vivants ou morts : ce dernier s'explique par les importantes variations passĂŠes de dĂŠbit. [38] As the ice-cap receded, the Durance course changed towards the west, between Luberon and Alpilles, and flowed into the Rhône.[38]. The 1852 floods affected the entire basin of the Durance, from Sisteron to its confluence in Avignon. Montgenèvre fait partie des plus anciennes stations de ski de France. Ă partir de la retenue, un canal bĂŠtonnĂŠ, dit ÂŤ canal de la Durance Âť ou ÂŤ canal E.D.F. The period of increased flooding was not only due to the cooling starting from the 14th and until the 19th century (with increased rain and snowfall), but also because the major deforestation of the slopes of the mountains of the basin of the Durance, starting from the 16th century. L'ensemble couvre trois ÂŤ territoires Âť distincts : les massifs alpins du sud, le piĂŠmont prĂŠ-alpin de haute-Provence et la plaine de basse-Provence. These are only ever swept away by exceptional floods; accumulations of tree trunks and branches. All these rivers have their sources in mountains, and are fast-running. [29] These channels can take up to 250 cubic metres per second (8,800 cu ft/s), so that it is only at the time of high flows that the water not diverted uses the river's natural channel. The Durance (Durença in Occitan or Durènço in Mistralian) is a major river in south-eastern France. Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. La Durance, une sp cialiste du coup ! ›› Durance ou Clarée ? Its descent is unusually rapid at 81 m/km (165 ft/mi) in its first 12 km (7.5 mi), then 15 m/km (30 ft/mi) to its confluence with the Gyronde, and then still nearly 8 m/km (16 ft/mi) to the confluence with the Ubaye. La Durance est une voie de communication importante et ancienne . L'ensemble constitue un dĂŠbit jusqu'Ă dix fois infĂŠrieur au dĂŠbit estival (d'ĂŠtiage) antĂŠrieur Ă la mise en eau de Serre-PonĂ§on. The Durance was ceased to carry freight because of competition from road and rail. Claude Gouron, photographer, Helene Vesian, author of the texts. Its source is in the south-western Alps, in Montgenèvre ski resort near Briançon and it flows south-west through the following departments and cities: The Durance's largest tributary is the Verdon. It is also depicted beneath a sculpture of a pregnant woman in Charleval, Bouches-du-Rhône. [34] The European brook lamprey has been seen in recent times but it may have disappeared since.[35]. From there the canal diverges to the west from the Durance to Le Puy-Sainte-Réparade. Ainsi, en plus de traiter les demandes de nos clients, les informations nous aident à améliorer le contenu de notre site, et à développer de nouveaux produits et services. Jusqu'au pont de Mirabeau, la pente de la Durance est forte (trois pour mille) et explique tant l'importance historique des digues dressĂŠes par l'Homme sur son cours (notamment Ă Sisteron, Manosque et Pertuis ; les premiĂ¨res connues datent du XIIe siĂ¨cle), que le dĂŠveloppement des villes situĂŠes Ă proximitĂŠ de son cours en hauteur, Ă l'abri des crues. Jean Giudicelli, “original Characteristics of the river”, Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. Its direction changes from southerly to westerly then northwesterly, aligning with the small Provençal mountain ranges between which it flows (Alpilles and Luberon). Catherine Lonchambon, “From one bank to another: the “trail ferry””, Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. [45] Thereafter, there is evidence of ferries at many other places notably Rognonas, La Brillanne (13th century), Noves, Orgon, Le Puy-Sainte-Réparade, Meyrargues, Pertuis, Peyrolles, that of Cante-Perdrix in Mirabeau, Manosque, Giropey, Château-Arnoux, Le Bourguet, Volonne, Bompas. The confluence with the Ubaye was flooded as the lake filled. Sur le plan ĂŠconomique, Ă partir du Moyen Ăge et jusqu'au dernier quart du XIXe siĂ¨cle, les eaux de la Durance furent notamment utilisĂŠes pour le flottage du bois, commerce placĂŠ aux mains de radeliers professionnels de l'Embrunnais (l'arrivĂŠe du chemin de fer dans les vallĂŠes alpines mit fin Ă cette activitĂŠ), tandis qu'un rĂŠseau serrĂŠ de chemins de desserte ĂŠtait utilisĂŠ par les travailleurs saisonniers alpins, ou ÂŤ gavots Âť, pour gagner la basse-Provence. Thanks to the reservoirs at Serre-Ponçon and Sainte-Croix, which together can hold more than 2 billion tonnes of water, irrigation remains possible in summer even during the driest years. Average monthly discharge (m 3 /s) at Saint-Paul-lès-Durance Course [ change | change source ] The Durance starts in the pré de Gondran (" meadow of Gondran"), on the east side of the Sommet des Anges mountain , in the commune of Montgenèvre (a ski resort near Briançon ), Hautes-Alpes department, at an elevation of about 2,325 m (7,628 ft). The Durance retains its name rather than either the Clarée or Guisane, even though the latter two are longer than the Durance when they each merge. The contribution of water from the downstream tributaries is very low. Workers known as nautes had a monopoly of transport on large rivers and used boats, whereas the utricularii operated on the small rivers and in the marshes using rafts floating on inflated goatskins. Ludwigia, the primose willow, is an invasive plant having gradually spread since 1986 in the stagnant water in dead gravel pits and ponds. D'une longueur totale de 323,8 kilomètres, la Durance est la plus importante rivière de Provence. Elle se jette dans le Rhône à quelques kilomètres au sud-ouest d'Avignon, entre le Vaucluse et les Bouches-du-Rhône dont elle matérialise la limite. [40] Gallo-Romans used the towpaths (helciarii) and the wind to move upstream. France Montagnes est l'association regroupant les principaux acteurs du tourisme de montagne en France afin de promouvoir la destination et ses bienfaits à l'échelle nationale et internationale. [19] Even lesser floods were devastating. La rivière Durance prend sa source au départ de Montgenèvre, à 2 300 mètres d'altitude, et continue sa traversée pendant plus de 300 kilomètres pour se jeter dans le Rhône. For the commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department, see, Middle section: from Serre-Ponçon to Mirabeau. Beyond Sisteron further rivers and streams join the Durance: Jabron, Vançon, Bléone near Les Mées and from the Asse (river) a few kilometres to the south of Oraison. However, a longer route is traced by the Clarée-Durance system with a length of 325 kilometres (202 mi). [14], These increased in number and force from the second half of the 16th century, though lessened in the 20th century. The majority of the quarries have closed or are closing. La Durance prend sa source à Mongenèvre, à 1830m d'altitude. The Durance then flows south-south-west and flows into the Lac de Serre-Ponçon just downstream of Embrun. La baignade est interdite en moyenne et basse Durance et la pĂ¨che y est rĂ¨glementĂŠe. Sujet: Re: Source de la Durance Dim 5 Aoû 2012 - 18:49 Pas forcément moins ou plus ouvert, simplement compenser l'exposition (en -). Son embouchure dans le Rhône se trouve à Avignon, préfecture du Vaucluse. Certaines espĂ¨ces sont faiblement reprĂŠsentĂŠes : bouviĂ¨res, rotengles et loches de riviĂ¨re. Some of the water diverted by the dams is used for irrigation. De nos jours, le canal de Marseille n’est plus l’unique source d’approvisionnement de la ville en eau potable, il y contribue pour près de 70%.Le canal de Provence, construit dans les années 1970, en fournit le tiers restant, en puisant dans le Verdon.. Toutefois, le lit actuel tend Ă se fixer et sa largeur s'est considĂŠrablement rĂŠduite. [11] At the confluence with Ubaye, salmon used to thrive, and trout were found up as far as Sisteron, before the development of the river. The valley widens still further into an alluvial plain several kilometres wide (5 kilometres (3.1 mi) near Manosque). The only durable fords are those of Mirabeau and Pertuis, obviously unusable in periods of floods. Ă l'ĂŠpoque prĂŠromaine, elle constituait notamment une frontiĂ¨re naturelle entre diffĂŠrents peuples gaulois ĂŠtablis le long de son lit, comme les Cavares (Cavaillon) et les Salyens (Bouches-du-RhĂ´ne). In its middle and lower reaches the Durance is affected by the Mediterranean climate: flooding after autumnal rains, with low water levels in summer. Guy Barruol, “the Durance in Antiquity and with the Middle Ages”, p.25. Vous pouvez consulter la derniĂ¨re version de lâarticle ÂŤ Durance (riviĂ¨re) Âť de WikipĂŠdia Ă lâadresse http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durance (riviĂ¨re) ou la modifier en cliquant ici. Vous avez la permission de copier, distribuer et/ou modifier ce document selon les termes de la Licence de documentation libre GNU, version 1.2 ou plus rĂŠcente publiĂŠe par la Free Software Foundation ; sans sections inaltĂŠrables, sans texte de premiĂ¨re page de couverture et sans texte de derniĂ¨re page de couverture. Three types of islands are formed in the bed of the Durance: Between the Vaucluse and the Bouches-du-Rhône : Dams have been built since the Middle Ages to prevent flooding. The Durance is 305 kilometres (190 mi) long from its source at the foot of Sommet des Anges, at 2,390 metres (7,840 ft) high,[6] above Montgenèvre, to its confluence with the Rhône. [41], This trade fed the activity of an important port, near to the crossroads at Sisteron, at the place called 'Le Bourguet'. Point de vue n°2 : La Durance. Les villes importantes traversées sont Briançon, Manosque, Cavaillon, Avignon. sables, galets) de l’ensemble du Rhône, dont la Durance apportait 70%. La Durance prend sa source à 2 390 mètres d'altitude, au pré de Gondran, sur les pentes du sommet des Anges . It is 80 kilometres (50 mi) long with 17 kilometres (11 mi) underground. 75 espĂ¨ces de mammifĂ¨res sont connues, parmi lesquelles les castors et les musaraignes aquatiques ont ĂŠtĂŠ rejoints rĂŠcemment par le rat musquĂŠ, espĂ¨ce allogĂ¨ne. Cecile Miramont, Denis Furestier, Guy Barruol, Catherine Lonchambon, This page was last edited on 23 September 2020, at 03:27. A statue of Janus was erected at Montgenèvre, the only passage between Cisalpine Gaul and Gallia Narbonensis[39]Strabon (1st century) reported that a ferry was established in Cavaillon,[40] The great Roman way from Spain to Italy only crossed the Durance at Cavaillon and Sisteron. [13], The height of the water at the gorge at Cadarache is at 472 millimetres (18.6 in), after an average of 750 millimetres (30 in) of rain because 63% of the rain flows into the Durance. These are a significant factor in the biodiversity of the river. [1] They are listed in order of the confluence, starting upstream. This runs near to Montgenèvre and then flows into the larger Clarée river, and then passes through Briançon before the Guisane joins it. ), 3. Pour the §, Jean Giudicelli and Karine Viciana, “the Durance today”, p.60. ), les apports des affluents en aval du barrage de Serre-PonĂ§on et le ÂŤ dĂŠbit rĂŠservĂŠ Âť par ĂlectricitĂŠ de France : celui-ci a constamment augmentĂŠ depuis 1961 et devrait doubler d'ici 2050. Née sur les confins de l'Italie, au Chenaillet, près du col de Montge… Ă partir du confluent de la Durance avec l'Ubaye, un canal utilise la majeure partie de son dĂŠbit pour alimenter quinze centrales hydroĂŠlectriques. The silt in the river bed has become stabilised by vegetation and this also reduces the flow. Sources de la Durance. La Durance is also the name of an academic bulletin by history and geography professors at Aix-Marseille. The width across the surface of the canal is 9.4 metres (31 ft), and 3 metres (9.8 ft) at its base. This is a list of rivers longer than 20 kilometres (12 mi) that flow into the Durance. Water quality is considered good in the higher valley, in spite of the number of dams, which deprive the Durance of the power needed to carry sediment away. The predictable water levels have also allowed development of the local economy through summer tourism. It can vary between 40 cubic metres per second (1,400 cu ft/s) (the most severe low water levels) and 6,000 cubic metres per second (210,000 cu ft/s) in catastrophic historic floods,[12] levels reached in 1843, 1882 and 1886. [42]) The timber was used in the towns of the southern plains and in the shipyards. La Durance fournit 75% de l'eau consommée en PACA. Cette derniĂ¨re, riche en alluvions, est rĂŠputĂŠe pour ses cultures maraĂŽchĂ¨res, notamment au niveau de Cavaillon. [44] This ferry at Cadenet and one at Mirabeau were used to transport flocks of sheep for seasonal migrations. This division allows surveying and mapping of the land at risk.[49]. [1] Its drainage basin is 14,472 km2 (5,588 sq mi).[2]. At first they were often boxes of wood filled up of stones, but these do not resist the floods for long. at Mirabeau, the beginning of the 13th century, close to Sainte-Madeleine-du-Pont; at Savines, the most used bridge on the Upper Durance (built in the 15th century). La Durance (en occitan : Durença selon la norme classique, ou en provençal : Durènço selon la norme mistralienne) est une rivière du Sud-Est de la France se jettant dans le Rhône, dont elle est le deuxième affluent après la Saône pour la longueur et le troisième après la Saône et lIsère pour le débit. When the flow is low, most of the water in the river now flows in "industrial channels" which by-pass the natural course of the river to run through hydro-electric power stations. Following the construction of the large EDF canal, which follows the Durance from Serre-Ponçon until Salon-de-Provence and the Étang de Berre, the water for the canal of Marseilles is now taken from the EDF canal, below Saint-Estève-Janson. Other goods were transported by the river, including salt, those these were subject to ten tolls along the 300 kilometres (190 mi) of the river.[43]. Randonnée sans difficulté Possibilité de rallonger la randonnée en rentrant par le lac Noir Les Fraches et la Chau. La longueur entre sa source et son embouchure est de 323,8 km. After the year 1000, the number of ferries increased, including some Cable ferries plied between the two banks of the main channel. Railway viaduct on the line from Saint-Auban to, Three viaducts for LGV Méditerranée at Cavaillon (length - 940, 900 et 1500 metres), Twin viaducts for Route nationale RN7 and for the. The major part of the flow was diverted into canals downstream from Serre-Ponçon, and the flow in the river's natural bed is a minimal flow of 2 to 5 cubic metres per second (71 to 177 cu ft/s), which is only 1/40 of its natural flow. Depuis la fin des annĂŠes 1980, 36 espĂ¨ces de poissons ont ĂŠtĂŠ recensĂŠes au total lors de l'ensemble des opĂŠrations d'ĂŠchantillonage, parmi lesquelles truites, brochets, carpes et barbots dominent. The upper Durance is an alpine river with a flow ranging from 18 to 197 cubic metres per second (640 to 6,960 cu ft/s). La Durance Entourée des sommets de Château Jouan (2565 m), des Anges (2459 m) et du Chenaillet (2650 m), la Durance* prend sa source à 2280 m d'altitude dans le domaine skiable de Montgenèvre. La Durance nait à Montgenèvre dans les prés d’altitude, proche du Chenaillet, vers 2300m d’altitude. There were two groups of utriculari, one in Sisteron and one in Riez. Une partie de la Durance constitue la frontiĂ¨re mĂŠridionale du Parc naturel rĂŠgional du Luberon et du dĂŠpartement du Vaucluse. 300.000 – 120.000 ans. The Latin form drou ("hard") changed into the proto-Occitan "dur". 4/67 Durance Helicopter Squadron created in 1976, is charged with protecting the air force base at Apt-Saint-Christol and the nuclear missile site at Plateau d'Albion. Une vĂŠgĂŠtation arborĂŠe (aulnes et peupliers) se dĂŠveloppe en effet sur le lit de galets du lit naturel. Clébert & Rouyer, "La Durance", pp.11-12. The flood of 31 May and 1 June 1877 swept away the bridge of Tallard. The few factories that used the river's energy have closed (an aluminium factory at L'Argentière-la-Bessée) or are being closed (Arkema at Saint-Auban). Twelve million years ago, the Durance flowed directly into the Mediterranean. Its descent is unusually rapid at 81 m/km (165 ft/mi) in its first 12 km (7.5 mi), then 15 m/km (30 ft/mi) to its confluence with the Gyronde,[7] and then still nearly 8 m/km (16 ft/mi) to the confluence with the Ubaye. Courbes. Jean Giudicelli and Karine Viciana, "The Durance today", Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. This descent stays relatively steep after this confluence, then shallows to approximately 0.33% in its middle course (to the Mirabeau bridge), then 0.24% in its lower course. The sources of the water are a combination of melting snow and the drainage of rain from the surrounding hills and plateaux which have a Mediterranean climate. La Durance est une rivière du Sud-Est de la France se jetant dans le Rhône, dont elle est le deuxième affluent après la Saône pour la longueur et le troisième après la Saône et l’Isère pour le débit. The banks, although less wet, still accommodate 110 species of birds during the year, plus 82 species of migratory birds, which rest, feed and sometime reproduce. Ces sédiments représente 550 millions de tonnes , soit environ 400 millions de t pour la seule Durance (l’équivalent d’une dune de 200m de large sur 10 m de haut sur 200km de long) Carte: source Ifremer Échelle: env 50km The latter's tributaries bring rain water mainly in spring, autumn and winter but little during the summer. Passer en plein cran en pressant la touche F11 de votre clavier. Les diffĂŠrents ĂŠcosystĂ¨mes interdĂŠpendants qui correspondaient Ă cette morphologie (en eau vive et en eau morte) cĂ¨dent aujourd'hui leur place Ă des ripisylves. The river is famous historically for its unstable course and violent floods. The Durance is the second longest (after the Saône) of the tributaries of the Rhône and the third largest in terms of its flow (after the Saône and Isère). The Durance class tanker is a series of multi-product replenishment oilers, originally designed and built for service in the French Navy. The Durance played a very important part in the history of Provence, and largely contributed to the economic growth and population of the Marseilles area, after having been an obstacle for centuries. In pre-Roman times, the Durance was the border between various Celto-Ligurian people established along its course, such as the Cavares (Cavaillon) and the Salyes (Bouches-du-Rhône). Water also flows in from the EDF Canal. Guy Valencia, "Hydraulics and morphology of the bed in zone of Piedmont and plain", Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. The irrigation syndicates and the local services that maintained the roads and bridges requested exceptional help from the State. This programme was an almost complete success: The Durance used to have an average natural flow of 188 cubic metres per second (6,600 cu ft/s) and behaved like a Mediterranean river, but dams and canals have changed it considerably. The bridge of Sisteron, erected in the Middle Ages remained until the middle of the 19th century, the only crossing between two firm banks along the Durance. Cette derniĂ¨re alimente d'autre part par son canal une quinzaine de centrales hydroĂŠlectriques, fournissant prĂ¨s de la moitiĂŠ des besoins en ĂŠlectricitĂŠ de la rĂŠgion par ce moyen. In French cinema is the setting of the film L'Eau vive by François Villiers is during the construction of the dam at Serre-Ponçon. Elle prend sa source sur le mont Chenaillet (2634 m), dans les Hautes-Alpes (05), près de la frontière italienne, et se jette dans le Rhône à quelques kilomètres au sud d’Avignon, dans le … La Durance (latin Durentia, du celtique dubro : eau courante) est une rivière qui irrigue le sud-est de la France. The water was first abstracted near the bridge of Pertuis, at an elevation of 185 metres (607 ft), 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Marseilles. For several years a club has revived the tradition of rafting, each year building rafts from tree trunks then navigating a section of the Durance with them. La vallée de la Durance ouvre une longue route de Briançon aux plaines du bas Rhône à travers une série de bassins intramontagnards et de plateaux (l'Embrunais, le Gapençais, le plateau de Valensole et le bassin de Manosque), séparés par des défilés.

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